Noun-clause beginning with “what” involving an infinitive

I have a question about noun clauses beginning with "what" involving infinitives. First, consider the following group of sentences. (1a) What does it take to learn from the past? (1b) It takes [quality X] to learn from the past. (1c) We do not have what it takes to learn from the past. Now I want … Read more

‘the one you said you liked best’ – Analysis of a relative clause using CGEL

I’m currently reading "A Student’s Introduction to English Grammar" by Geoffrey K. Pullum and Rodney Huddleston. I’m bewildered by the following exercise, which asks us to identify the relative phrase, along with the relative element, its function and its antecedent. Which is the one you said you liked best? My analysis is as follows: Which … Read more

Punctuation of dependent clauses with a common subject

I am wondering whether the following sentence is punctuated properly: From the previous section, the operator A is skew-adjoint; has compact resolvents; and thus has the required conditions. Answer No. All the semicolons should be commas. See this wonderfully handy resource, The Punctuation Guide. Semicolons go Between independent clauses when a coordinating conjunction is omitted … Read more

What’s this syntax called: “Him being the nice person he is, helped her.”?

Or “He, being the nice person that he is, helped her.” Which one is correct and what’s the construction called? Answer You offer two options for handling the sentence that you are interested in: Him being the nice person that he is, helped her. and He, being the nice person that he is, helped her. … Read more

How to understand the ingredient of this sentence?

I saw this sentence from the internet, The input to this transformer should be an array-like of integers or strings, denoting the values taken on by categorical (discrete) features I can not understand the second part of the sentence. What’s the function of the word ‘taken on’? How to analyze the ingredient of this sentence? … Read more

That-clause (content clause) as an adjunct?

According to CGEL, that-clause can function as an adjunct. The following sentence is an example from page 952 of CGEL. He appealed to us to bring his case to the attention of the authorities that justice might be done. But I can not find any explanation about that-clause as an adjunct. What is the semantic … Read more

Comma after nonrestrictive adverbial (dependent) clause at the end of the sentence

I am confused whether comma is required after adverbial (dependent) clauses at the end of the sentence (and the difference, if any, between restrictive and non-restrictive adverbial clauses). The internet and various style manuals seem to give conflicting advice, so I am not sure what is true or, at least, what is prevalent. According to … Read more